The core topics introduce the field of geography and give students the skills and understanding to choose and pursue their interests in the specialized topics. The Director of Studies will make adaptations based on student ability and schedule. On completing the core, students will be able to independently read the historical and academic literature. The core topics are:

• Human Geography
• Physical Geography
• Earth Systems Processes
• Geographical Techniques
• Geographical Controversies
• Human Geography Field Work*
• Physical Geography Field Work*

* Field work must be decided in partnership with a Director of Studies and may come with an additional fee.

Specializations should be discussed with the Director of Studies. On completing specializations, students will be able to independently read advanced literature and conduct a final project in that topic. Some suggested specializations are:

• African Societies
• Geographies of Finance
• Biogeography, Biodiversity, and Conservation
• Geographies of Nature
• Geography at War
• Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
• Geopolitics in the Margins
• Childhood and Youth in the Global South
• Island Life
• New Approaches to Urban
• Climate Change and Variability Geography
• Complexity
• The Quaternary Period
• Cultural Spaces
• Transport and Mobilities
• Desert Landscapes and Dynamics
• Geographies of Dissent and Resistance

The final project in geography consists in one or more papers written on an area of specialization. The paper should take the form of a dissertation elaborating an original argument, interpretation, or perspective. All final projects should be discussed with the Director of Studies, who will assist in choosing an appropriate focus and method. Advanced students may be advised to submit their paper for publication in an appropriate academic journal.